In complex marine environments, submarine cables may face safety risks such as scour, exposure, or displacement, making accurate route detection essential for ensuring long-term reliable operation and maintenance. This paper proposes a submarine cable route detection method based on a magnetic anomaly forward model. A forward modeling framework of submarine cable magnetic anomalies is established, and cable–environment simulations are conducted using COMSOL software. The effects of different survey heights and orientation angles on magnetic anomaly responses are analyzed to validate the proposed method. On this basis, multiple sets of forward-modeled curves are obtained, and the distribution characteristics of magnetic anomalies under various conditions are compared. The results provide a theoretical basis for accurate submarine cable route detection and localization.

submarine cable,route detection,forward modeling curves,magnetic anomaly